Beyond Ideal

You might remember PV = nRT from chemistry class. But what does it actually mean? And why doesn't it always work?

This site uses real-time particle simulations to build your intuition, from the ground up. The simulations above are interactive, try clicking and dragging!

Note: You might see a sharp spike in pressure or velocity when a simulation first loads. This is a quirk of the initialization; give the system a few seconds to settle into its stable state.